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On May 15, 2025, the Institute of Economic Affairs Kenya and the Mitumba Consortium Association of Kenya (MCAK) released a report urging the government to foster the coexistence of second-hand clothing imports (Mitumba) and local manufacturing.
Titled A Future Look at the Apparel and Footwear Industry in Kenya (2022–2037), the study outlines how both sectors can drive economic growth.
Using economic modeling, consumer surveys, and policy analysis, the report shows that Mitumba and local production serve different markets. Kenyan households buy both new and used clothes, but as incomes rise, they purchase less used clothing. With average incomes expected to double by 2037, demand for apparel will grow, benefiting both sectors.
A clothing industry that includes imports and local production can create jobs, boost the economy, and promote sustainability. This aligns with Kenya’s Vision 2030 and the African Union’s Agenda 2063. For success, policies must support both sectors.
The report offers a 15-year plan to strengthen Kenya’s apparel and footwear industry. It argues that Mitumba supports, rather than hinders, local manufacturing and could serve as a model for other African countries.
Teresia Wairimu Njenga, MCAK Chairperson, emphasized the importance of collaboration. “The future of our apparel sector depends on coexistence, not competition,” she said.
This report proves second-hand clothing helps low-income families afford quality clothes while local manufacturing expands. With thoughtful policies, both sectors can grow, supporting Vision 2030 and Agenda 2063.
The report details the economic and environmental contributions of Mitumba and local manufacturing. In 2022, Kenya imported 177,000 tonnes of second-hand clothing, supporting 2 million livelihoods, mostly for women and youth. This trade generated Ksh 12 billion (approximately USD 100 million) in tax revenue.
Environmentally, Mitumba reduces textile waste by reusing and upcycling garments. This lowers the fashion industry’s environmental impact and supports global efforts to reduce waste and pollution.
Kwame Owino, CEO of the Institute of Economic Affairs Kenya and lead researcher, underscored the findings. “The evidence shows that Mitumba and local manufacturing thrive together,” he said.
“Removing unnecessary barriers creates jobs, increases consumer options, and fosters sustainable growth. Policies based on data will help families access affordable clothing and strengthen the economy, without pitting one sector against the other.”
To achieve balanced growth, the report suggests several policies. Import regulations should be standardized, with quality controls for both new and used clothing. Local manufacturers need tax incentives and skills training. The industry should adopt sustainable practices to reduce environmental impact.
These recommendations guide policymakers toward a textiles sector that drives inclusive growth, as envisioned in Agenda 2063.
